Data Communications and Computer Networks

  2.Physical Layer
     - Analog & Digital Signals
     - Data Rate limits
     - Transmission Impairments
     - Throughput/Propagation and transmission time/ Wavelength
     - Sampling
     - Transmission Modes
     - Modulation of digital data
     - Analog Transmission
     - Time Division Multiplexing
     - ADSL
     - SONET

  3. Data Link Layer

   - Error Detection and Correction
   - Data Link Control and Protocols
   - Example Protocols
   - HDLC
   - PPP
   - Multiple Access Protocols
   - Connecting Devices
   - Ethernet
  4. Network Layer
   - Internetworking , Addressing, Routing
   - Network Layer Protocols
   - IP Headers
   - Fragmentation
  5. Transport Layer
   - Types of service
   - Connection establishment
   - UDP Protocol
   - TCP Protocol
  6. Application Layer
   - Domain Name Server
   - SMTP
   - HTTP